George Washington Carver Essay - 621 Words

George Washington Carver George Washington Carver was born in Diamond Grove, Missouri during the spring of 1864 or 1865. Like many slaves, he was uncertain of his birth date. His mother, Mary, was a slave who belonged to Moses and Susan Carver. As an infant, slave raiders kidnapped his mother. The childless carvers reared George and his older brother, James. Growing up, George was captivated by plants. Many neighbors referred to him as the â€Å"Plant Doctor†. Since Carver was an African American, he was not accepted at any local schools, therefore he had to attend school eight miles away from home. He did very well in school. In 1885 he was accepted to Highland College in Kansas. However, race became an issue again and they took away the†¦show more content†¦As well as creating the Farmers’ Institute, Carver also helped the farmers of Alabama and the southern states a great deal. An insect called the boll weevil became an enormous threat to the cotton fields of southern United States. Carver recommended to these farmers that they should substitute their cotton crops with sweet potatoes and, the more successful recommendation, peanuts. This switch would provide farmers another source of income and would also help to prevent the spread of the insect. The one problem with this solution was that no one knew what to do with all the peanut crops. Carver was quoted as saying: â€Å"we can learn to synthesize materials for every human need from the things that grow.† So that is what he did. In total, Carver was able to create close to three hundred different products from the peanut plant. These wide variety of products include dyes, ink, insulation, cosmetics, stock feed, medicines, glue, soap, and peanut milk. Although most of his products never became commercially sold, Carver became widely known as the â€Å"Peanut Man†. He also created nearly one hundred uses for the sweet potato crops. Even though George Washington Carver was well known throughout parts of the south, his real rise to fame started in 1916. Carver was invited to join the Royal Society for the Arts. Shortly afterward, the Carver Products Company was founded to market his many products. Carver was also honored with the medal of the NationalShow MoreRelated george washington carver Essay500 Words   |  2 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;George Washington Carver nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;George Washington Carver was born during the civil war years on a Missouri farm near Diamond Grove, Newton Country in Marion, Township Missouri. Even Carver himself was uncertain of his own birth date. In early manhood he thought that he was born in the year of 1865. On other occasions Carver noted that his birth came â€Å"near the end of the civil war† orRead MoreFacts on George Washington Carver 576 Words   |  2 Pages Facts on George Washington Carver At the age of 14 George Washington Carver witnessed a black man being drug out into the streets to be hung and burned. At the time when African Americans were looked down upon George Washington Carver was a very successful with what he did in Ag and science. When George Washington Carver was a small child he was abandoned by his biological parents and left on the lawn of his adopted parents house. George Washington Carver had a rough childhood and he wasRead MoreEssay on George Washington Carver1242 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Washington Carver was born into slavery January of 1860 on the Moses Carver plantation in Diamond Grove, Missouri. He spent the first year of his life, the brutal days of border war, between Missouri and neighboring Kansas. George was a very sickly child with a whooping cough, which later lead to his speech impediment, and he was tiny and puny. Georges father, James Carver, died in a wood hauling accident when he was bringing wood to his masters house one day. George was sick a great dealRead More George Washington Carver Essay1774 Words   |  8 Pages George Washington Carver was a African American scientist who showed many intriguing thoughts of nature throughout his life span of being one of the most dedicated scientist. George was born in Diamond Missouri, but his exact date of birth is not known by people. Never the less, one of the most remark able inventors was born. Many people speculate that he was born sometime in January in 1964, while others believe he was born in June. George was born as a small and weak baby, and he had his firstRead MoreGeorge Washington Carver Difficult Path to Great Accomplishments565 Words   |  2 Pages George Washington Carver was born on July 12, 1864, during the Civil War, in Diamond Grove, Missouri. He was one of many children born to Mary and Giles, an enslaved couple owned by Moses Carver. Just a week after his birth, George was kidnapped along with his sister and mother. All of the three were sold in Kentucky, and among them the only who was located was infant George by an agent of Moses Carver, whom then returned George back to Missouri. Moses Carver and his wife, Susan, keptRead MoreBenjamin Franklin And George Washington Carver1958 Words   |  8 PagesConstitution or finding new uses for a farm product, they all come together to benefit the history of the United States of America. Benjamin Franklin and George Washington Carver were one of many to succeed in such progression. They helped shape the United States through their outstanding accomplishments in their innovative ideas and values. Franklin and Carver were both intelligent and prolific scientist and inventors. They often focused their works on what they stood for. Both men shared the profound valueRead MoreThe Ghost1265 Words   |  6 PagesNate and hunched her shoulder then took a seat in an old ladder-back chair. When I mentioned to your granddad that my schools biology department has launched a campaign to collect all known writing of George Washington Carver, he invited me to look through these old books. George Washington Carver was a botanist, Nate said, joining Will on the floor. Not a writer. He taught at Tuskegee Institute. He must have left behind some writings on farming, as well as documentation of his research,Read MoreAnalysis Of George Washington Carver s The Golden Door Of Freedom 1736 Words   |  7 PagesGeorge Washington Carver once said â€Å"Education is the key to unlock the golden door of freedom.† Freedom can be defined in various ways by different people. To many immigrants, America is often seen as that opportunity of freedom, the freedom to learn, the freedom to love, and even just the freedom to exist. In this paper, I will put into words the story behind a second generation female immigrant’s experiences. By using various articles and notes given in class, I will talk about her and her family’sRead MoreThe History of Art at Iowa State University Essay776 Words   |  4 Pagescampus public art collections in the United States. There are over 2,000 works of public art (George Washington Carver). The foundation of the contempora ry Art on Campus Collection and Program began during the Depression in the 1930s, when Iowa States President Hughes envisioned that, The arts would enrich and provide substantial intellectual exploration into our college curricula† (George Washington Carver). Who doesn’t love art? Every day you wake up and experience some sort of artwork; whetherRead MoreLeadership Management Paper W1 LDR 3001045 Words   |  5 Pagesyoung age, George Washington Carver took a strong grip on his destiny. This dynamic leader prevailed over getting born without a name into slavery, overcoming poverty, and prejudice to commit his life in helping others achieve a better livelihood. Through his actions, he was able to earn high levels of respect of self-worth, dignity, honor, and infinite achievement. Booker T. Washington was the first president and principal of the Tuskegee Institute in 1896. Booker T. Washington sent an invitation

Gender Differences Among Women s Career, Success,...

Behavioral gender differences evident in life have their sources both in biological background and the societal contributions, yet they do not qualify to be the source of injustice or inequality of any kind towards women. The underlying scientific factors work hand in hand with the societal and the environmental contributions. As much as women want to thrive, be the best and win, in most cases, they tend to neglect their ambitions because of widely accepted view of their male counterparts’ superiority and women’s incapability of competing with them. However, it is possible for women to show their identity, without taking into consideration the biased perspective of men and societal stereotypes regarding women’s career, success, appearance, and even personality. Women do not have the equal right to choose what way of life to live and what kind of person to be, because women are restrict by the limitations created by men’s subjectivity, the peculiarities of upbringing, and women’s acceptance of socially designed feminine role. Women are born to be women, and they should live as such. They are as strong as men and should have equal opportunities to explore and experience the world to their choice, without victimization. The feminine character, which need approval from men and seeks to be inferior to them do not actually describe women. Some women do not wear the faà §ade of the feminine character to make men feel superior, rather fit and struggle less. If behaving in a feminineShow MoreRelatedThe Social Premises Causing Gender Gap Within Maths And Science Involvement1329 Words   |  6 Pageshumanity into men and women and the dominant role of men in modern society has led to the obvious prevalence of men, it can be traced in all cultural and historical periods, particularly in areas such as science. Most of the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) University graduates are men. Among STEM graduates aged 25 to 34, women represented 23% of graduates from engineering and 30% of graduates from mat hematics and computer science programs. (Gender differences in science, technologyRead MoreThe Classical Music Of The Modern Era1465 Words   |  6 Pagesperformers. There were a few female composers however, for those times, but the few that there were, were shunned for their attempt at fame and those who were vaguely popular were claimed to have only achieved success from the fame of their husband. These issues of gender discrimination against women are still apparent in all aspects of music today. Society is slowly becoming more modern in their thinking, and with the feminist movement of the modern era, are beginning to accept females as equals, howeverRead MoreGender Inequality : A Long Part Of Canada2313 Words   |  10 PagesGender inequality has been a long part of Canada’s history with men being the dominant decision makers. Women have had to fight long hard battles and overcome numerous obstacles to prove themselves and demonstrate that they are equal to men and n ot inferior. Over the course of a century women have achieved suffrage and have become increasingly visible in the political and economic sectors. Despite all the achievements women have made barriers remain in effect leaving women at a social, economicRead MoreGender Inequality : The Workplace Against Women2153 Words   |  9 PagesGender Inequality in the Workplace against Women SOCI 3432 M50 Professor Stockton April 26, 2016 Shandrika Jackson Over the last ninety years, women have battled to become equal with men in all aspects of life and work (Parcheta, 2013). Male domination and power has become the social assumption as gendered occupations and beliefs have been projected throughout society as the status quo. Though challenging, this status quo is still present. Women have manufactured huge developments in careerRead MoreThe Power Structured Relationships Within A Patriarchal Society2081 Words   |  9 Pagesthat the â€Å"male shall dominate female, elder male shall dominate younger† (Millet 25). Women are oppressed in a patriarchal society, giving men the power to dominate. The theory of patriarchy is derived from the creation of social norms based on biological differences between males and females (Millet, 27). Judith Butler would refer to these norms as the ways in which society believes each gender should perform. Women are socialized to be loving, affectionate and feminine, while men are more prone toRea d MoreThe s Secret Model By Cameron Russell1531 Words   |  7 Pages Victoria s Secret Model, Cameron Russell, delivered one of the most profound TED Talks delivered on the Mid Atlantic stage, according to TED writer Cameron Gallo. The model explains that though the modeling industry considered her a perfect, she does not believe her appearance defines her. Thus she came up with the title for her speech, â€Å"Looks Aren t Everything†¦ Believe Me, I m a Model.†. She specifically addresses that children need to understand that modeling does not constitute a glamorousRead More Gender Equity in Education Essay examples2921 Words   |  12 PagesGender Equity in Education â€Å"It is early indeed that children show an awareness of the message that†¦ females are generally less interesting and important than males are†¦ The (often inadvertent) bearers of this message include parents, peers, and teachers.† (Lips, 1979, p. 128.) The absence of gender equity can be damaging to both males and females. Surprisingly most of the teachers and administrators are unaware of this problem. Organizations such as the American Association of University WomenRead MoreWomen Are Being Discriminated Against The Workplace2082 Words   |  9 Pageswhether it be her career level experience or educational background, in most instances she will never be considered equal to a man, in the workplace, some would think. 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Gender role plays different parts in religion, culture, society, time periods, countriesRead MoreChief Sources of Bias in the Selection of Employees Essay2285 Words   |  10 Pagesgroup together people who have similar characteristics and allocate traits to them on the basis of this grouping. Stereotyping is a four-step process. It begins by catagorising people into groups according to various criteria, such as gender, age, race and occupation. Next, it infers that all people within a particular category possess the same traits or characteristics. Then, we form expectations of others and interpret their behaviour according to our stereotypes.

Financial Accounting and Reporting Responsibility

Question: Discuss about the Financial Accounting and Reporting Responsibility. Answer: The ethical issue is considered to be one of the major setbacks for the company or the vital reason for the debacle of the company. The company not maintaining the code of ethics considered to be acquiring negative awareness in the corporate social responsibility, failing to meet to meet the company norms and regulation will leads to the debacle of the company in long run (Berk and DeMarzo, 2007). The primary reason for the company to manage and practice the code of ethics helps to increase the positive image of the company in the corporate world. The code of ethics is not being followed by the company Complete Cancer Care Limited (CCCL) which is a part of the Medical Services Holdings Group (MSHG) and is controlled and run by the CEO Adam chase, the CEO approached Belinda Battersby who is a audit partner and sole responsible for the auditing and overall financial reporting activity. Manipulation in the financial reporting which is being asked by the CEO Adam Chase is considered to b e one of the serious offences and considered as the major offence according to the code of ethics. Violation of the code of ethics leads to the overall failure of the company as the company primarily deals in the medical sector (Elliott and Elliott, 2008). Code of ethics in medical segment is considered to be playing a major role in determine the overall customer build and is one of the major source of uplift of the company, failing to manage and maintain the code of ethic of the company will lead to the debacle of the company. The ethical practice e in the medical line is considered to be the lifeline of the company as the helps to create a sense of positive environment in the mind of the patient to get a better and good health service (El-Masry, 2007). In the given case study it is clearly evident that the linear accelerator is not providing good service to the patient on the contrary it is having a negative impact on the patient well being. Neglecting the fact will lead to the wo rst cases for the patients which will eventually lead to the failure of medical service of the company. As per the matter of fact Belinda should inform the board of director of the Medical Services Holdings Group (MSHG) which will help to disclose the fraud which is being done from Adam chase end and thus will leads to manage and control the failure of the maintenance of code of ethics by the company CCCL (Helbk, Lindest and McLellan, 2010). Major ethical issue in the medical segment is considered to be playing a vital role as it is related with the patient well being. American Accounting Association Model Decision making process 1. Determine the facts In the given case study, Battersby and Associates chartered accounts is the accounting firm having wide range of clients all across Australia. Complete Cancer Care Limited a client of Battersby and Associates owns two old linear accelerators that are used in the radiation therapy. These linear accelerators that are used in the radiographers have raised concerns that they imposed negative impacts on the patients (Hillier, 2010). Adam Chase, CEO of CCL approached to the audit firm and requested to provide an opinion that the following linear accelerators are perfect and fit for use. The Audit firm was asked to show the linear accelerators as goodwill of the company. Therefore, in the case study is based on the ethical concern that the audit firm has to decide whether they should show the linear accelerators are perfect and fit for use (Holton, 2012). The code of ethics for the professional accountant and American Accounting Association model will help to determine and evaluate the ethi cal issue raised in the case study. 2. Define the ethical issues The ethical issue refers to the facts and figures that has been uncovered by an auditor and misrepresenting the actual value of an organization. The audit firm or an auditor may have taken huge amount of money to uncover the actual facts (Kieso, Weygandt and Warfield, 2007). In the given case study, the ethical issues was that Adam Chase, CEO of CCL approached to Belinda Battersby and requested to provide an opinion that linear accelerators are perfect and fit for use. The linear accelerators have major concerns that impose negative radiation impacts on the patients. Therefore, Battersby and Associates was asked to take an unethical step that can affect the health of the patients (Leonard, 2007). The linear accelerators would be showed as the goodwill of the company. The overall situation is an ethical issue that should be determined and evaluated as per the rules and regulations. 3. Identify the major principles, rules and values The standards, standards, and qualities are that reviewers or the auditors are accepted (by shareholders and others dynamic in capital markets) to have perfect respectability and to guarantee that the organization is giving a 'genuine and reasonable perspective' of its budgetary circumstance at the season of the review (Moretto, 2008). Reviewers or auditors are endowed with the errand of guaranteeing an organization's money related records and anything that keeps this or meddles with an examiner's objectivity is a disappointment of the inspector's obligation to shareholders. Determination of the principle and value of the company code of ethics help to manage a positive image in the corporate world (Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2005). Financial reporting is considered to be one of the major segment as the auditor audit the financial part which help to throw light on the company overall growth. 4. Specify the alternatives Belinda Battersby was asked to provide an opinion that the linear accelerators used in the radiation therapy is perfect and fit for use. It is considered as an unethical step that will impose adverse impact on the health of the patients. If the Belinda would accept the offer then the firm will earn huge amount of money but the firm can face legal troubles (Spiceland, Sepe and Nelson, 2011). On the other hand, if Belinda would refuse the offers then the firm would be able to build its reputation in the market and healthy relationships with their clients. The firm will be able to enhance its reputation and will not face any legal troubles. 5. Compare values and alternatives Belinda should refuse the offer of Adam Chase as because it is important for an audit firm to enhance its reputation in the market and building positive relationships with the clients. A firm cannot work for their self interest and should work for their clients (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). Legal troubles can also affect the operations of the firm. Therefore, Belinda should refuse the approach of Adam Chase. 6. Assess the consequences Under Option 1, the auditor would acknowledge the reward or the bribe. He/she would appreciate the expansion in riches and probably an increment in his way of life however he/she would open himself/herself to the danger of being in a bad position if his acknowledgment of the pay off was ever revealed (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). He/she would need to 'live with himself' realizing that he/she had taken a pay off and would be owing debtors to the customer, realizing that the customer could uncover him whenever. Under Option 2, the auditor would reject the bribe fix. This would be liable to have various shocking results for the customer and perhaps for the eventual fate of the clientauditor relationship. It would, be that as it may, keep up and improve the notoriety and social remaining of inspectors, keep up open trust in review, and serve the best advantages of the shareholders. 7. Make your decision The ethical decision is option 2 , the auditor should refuse to work under such circumstance where she need to provide fake auditor report and mislead the patient and other key member of the company (Winters, 2008). Corporate governance help to manage and control the overall aspect of the company core activities. Auditing primarily depends on the good corporate governance structure. Audit plays a vital role in the company determination of the financial position and thus help the others user of the financial statement to gain knowledge regarding the company financial position in the market (Wolf, 2008). Audit risk is depend on the company corporate governance structure, manipulation of the financial report lead to the vague information about the company financial position which leads to the several other key audit risk. Main context In any business organization or company the management tends to concentrate and give attention to the sector of risk management as without it the company is bound to fall apart. The failures of risk management mainly in the financial sector have been successful in raising quite a few eyebrows as it has led to a great level of loss. The risk of audit depends entirely on the corporate governance that imposes vital impact on the financial position of an organization. Mostly the failure of a business organization occurs due to the failure of the corporate governance where the board of directors of a company did not understand the potential of the risk taken by that particular company (Woltje, 2008). Moreover the risk management system of a company needs to be well maintained in order for it to ensure that the company is able to overcome all the risks taken by it on one hand and also be able to mitigate or minimize the level of risks that it otherwise would have to face. The board of dire ctors and key stakeholders of the company need to give enough importance to the corporate governance and risk management framework followed by the company as these two factors play a great role in determining whether the company would be able to overcome the risk taken by it in order to perform in a better manner in the future (Zingel, 2006). Audit risk is the manipulated comment given by an auditor after examining the financial transactions of the company. The problem with thus is that with the presence of manipulated and fake comments, it is not possible for the management and key stakeholders of a company to understand the actual position that the company is in and thereby fails to recognize the risk that the company would face. As a result of this a company faces a huge amount of risk that can mount up to the point where the company or organization needs to be liquidated (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). Corporate governance enforces the employees as well as management of a company t o follow the rules and regulations of a company; ethical code of conduct etc. Therefore with the presence of good and proper corporate governance, an organization is at a better state of having a well defined and disciplined work culture that would never allow an individual to make fraudulent comments or give wrongful facts in the reports of the company. Conclusion With the presence of good corporate governance, there is transparency in the different processes and operations taking place in an organization which ensures that no wrong information finds place in both the financial and non-financial reports that are made in the company. Therefore, the process of auditing should be done in an unbiased and impartial manner that would consequently ensure that the audit risk gets reduced. References Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2007).Corporate finance. Boston: Pearson Addison Wesley. Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. (2008).Financial accounting and reporting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. El-Masry, A. (2007).Managerial finance. Bradford: Emerald Group. Helbk, M., Lindest, S. and McLellan, B. (2010).Corporate finance. New York: McGraw-Hill. Hillier, D. (2010).Corporate finance. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Kieso, D., Weygandt, J. and Warfield, T. (2007).Intermediate accounting. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Leonard, B. (2007).Managerial finance. Bradford: Emerald Insight. Moretto, E. (2008).Managerial finance. [Bradford, England]: Emerald. Ross, S., Westerfield, R. and Jaffe, J. (2005).Corporate finance. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Spiceland, J., Sepe, J. and Nelson, M. (2011).Intermediate accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Stittle, J. and Wearing, B. (2008).Financial accounting. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Winters, D. (2008).Managerial finance. [Bradford, England]: Emerald. Wolf, M. (2008).Fixing global finance. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press. Woltje, J. (2008).IFRS. Munchen: Haufe Verlag. Zingel, H. (2006).IFRS. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH-Verl.

Online Reservation and Billing System free essay sample

User’s Manual Bibliography Curriculum Vitae Questionnaire ix ABSTRACT The JISB Emperor Hotel, which is located at the heart of Merchan Street corner Evangelista Street, Lucena City was brought into existence of the countless effort offered by the people, and was formally opened on July 04, 2009. JISB comes from the name Jose-Iluminada SyBang. From then on all the records of the customers were all recorded manually. The company used a logbook for the encoding of information and issued a receipt in terms of paying the bills through the computation of just a simple calculator. Through this study, the researchers will be well versed about the importance of computerized system in a hotel. It will also endorse the people the knowledge of how will the hotels is rendering their services as compared to what is expected from them. The Computerized Billing System and Online Reservation made by the proponents will benefit the company itself. We will write a custom essay sample on Online Reservation and Billing System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Online Reservation System and Computerized Billing System may help for the acceleration of the transactions in the business. The online reservation and computerized billing system will provide a precise generation of statement of accounts. The developed system is a great help for the business expansion because the business may earn more profits higher than current earnings. The business will be able to acquire and retain customers. The customers will be attracted to come in the hotel because the company can give better services especially for the reservation. With this effective technology that will help the company’s business processes and services, company will be able to gain and maintain a competitive advantage among those leading hotels. x Chapter I The Problem and Its Background 1. Introduction More recently a number of business-process improvements through Information Technology approaches have been implemented in basically all fields of business not only to solve day-to-day problems but also to gain leverage in the market place. Modern organization use computerized systems and online reservation to provide relevant and timely information, essentially to routinely operations control and strategic planning . Customarily, it is the daily transaction processing system of the business enterprise, which reengineers through computerization. Computers are so fundamental to one modern society, that without them, our economy would grind to a halt. Along with computers burgeoning role in business, other uses for these machine evolved rapidly. A Computerized Billing System use to ascertain a prompt and manage way of providing the necessary information of an organization as a whole. It aims to improve the profitability and relations with clients by automating client billing with computers. It helps to control and manage the billing system of an institution such as the hotel. And an intelligently 1 designed on-line reservation can make an important contribution to the effective use of data processing within an organization. It allows individuals to connect without going out any places. There are varieties of computerized transaction processing system, like computerized billing system and online reservation of a hotel. The Computerized Billing and Online Reservation assure modern comfort to the clients wherever and whenever they are especially to JISB Emperor Hotel to help them promote their name nationwide. Billing System and Online Reservation can make important contribution to the effective use of data for the JISB Emperor Hotel. Everybody is free to get online which is the unique way of having a reservation. Customers can satisfy themselves because it can lessen their burdens of having a reservation for their rooms and hotel accommodation, and billing system will help to come up with accurate dated and time consuming effort. The present statuses of our society especially when it comes to technology are leading to the development of different systems to make a certain task easier to perform. We have to meet and answer the challenge that increasingly outgrowth in the complex world. Thus, the researchers were motivated to conduct Research and Development for JISB Emperor Hotel essential for today’s highly competitive business. 2 1. 2 Background of the Study JISB Emperor Hotel, which is located at the heart of Merchan Street corner Evangelista Street, Lucena City was brought into existence of the countless effort offered by the people, and was formally opened on July 04, 2009. JISB comes from the name Jose-Iluminada SyBang. From then on all the records of the customers were all recorded manually. The company used a logbook for the encoding of information and issued a receipt in terms of paying the bills through the computation of just a simple calculator. The present manual system of reservation is only to determine the availability of rooms in terms in reservation. In the case of present manual system of billing and online all the records is kept in document form. There is no system for proper records storage and sorting the information provided by the customers. All is done manually and every now and then, there is a chance getting erratic information. The manual system is thus no guarantee. JISB offered facilities that are beneficial for business purposes. It is a (4) four story building. At the ground floor, they offered a space for rent for Honda Prestige Motorcycle and vintage stores. There are 44 rooms at JISB Emperor Hotel. Most of their rooms are classified according to the customer’s needs and wants, such as air-cons with cable T. V. s, There are as 12 rooms classified as Suite ( single bed/ double bed, air-conditioned, comfort room with bathtub)14 rooms for Regular (single bed/ double bed, air-conditioned, with comfort room) and 18 rooms for Ventilated (single bed/ double bed, wall fan with comfort room) and just in case you got hungry they have special foods available for your 3 sophisticated taste at the second floor where you can find a canteen guaranteed at the right price that are well suited for the budget conscious tra velers. 1. 3 Statement of the Problem The main problem of this study is to determine the efficiency of Computerized Billing System and Online Reservation of JISB Emperor Hotel. Specifically it seeks to answer the following questions: 1. What are the difficulties encounter by the Hotel Management and Staff of when it comes to the Hotel’s System in billing and reservation? 2. How did the Computerized Billing System and Online Reservation help the JISB in terms of: a. reservation b. billing 3. How effective and acceptable the computerized billing and online reservation system? a. speed . accuracy c. security data 4 1. 4 Objective of the Study The main purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of Computerized Billing System and Online Reservation of JISB Emperor Hotel. 1. To determine the Hotel Management and Staff difficulties when it comes to the hotel’s system in billing and online reservation. 2. To measure the accuracy of the program when it comes to computerized billing and online reservation. 3. To measure the effectively and adaptability of the computerized billing and reservation system. a. speed b. accuracy . security data 1. 5 Significance of the Study This study aims to conceal the implications of having a computerized billing system on the service delivery of JISB Emperor Hotel. Through this study, the researchers will be well versed about the importance of computerized system in a hotel. It will also endorse the people the knowledge of how will the hotels is rendering their services as compared to what 5 is expected from them. The proponents will be able to evaluate whether or not the hotel is being given enough assistance by the government. Furthermore, it will provide the students like the researchers information on how important the computerized system to a service-oriented entity. Likewise, the proponent’s expert that the study will help future researchers in conducting similar research which related to this study. Finally, the study have helped the researchers in developing their and knowledge in research and probably have enriched their present knowledge on hotel effectively the effects on service efficiency. This proposed system will benefit the following: JISB Emperor Hotel The developed system made by the proponents will benefit the company itself. The Online Reservation System and Computerized Billing System may help for the acceleration of the transactions in the business. The online reservation and computerized billing system will provide a precise generation of statement of accounts. The developed system is a great help for the business expansion because the business may earn more profits higher than current earnings. The business will be able to acquire and retain customers. The customers will be attracted to come in the hotel because the company can give better services especially for the reservation. With this effective technology that will help the company’s business processes and services, company will be able to gain and maintain a competitive advantage among those leading hotels. 6 Management – This study will furnish precise information and data that will help them in making plan about the hotel, about over-all operation and about the problems that the hotel is currently facing brought about by the unending demands of the people and the continuous growth of competition from other hotel institutions. This system will also facilitate the activities that taken place within the hotel so that they made themselves familiar in what area of concentration they have a focus on to improve their service ability while earning enough profit for the benefits of the hotel and its staff. Customers Customers of the JISB Emperor Hotel will earn or gain satisfaction and convenience. It won’t take much time for the customers to reserve for the rooms availability. It will not be a time consuming process at all. Researchers – The researchers will deepen their knowledge about the study and improve their skills when it comes to creating or developing a system. 1. 6 Scope and Limitation of the Study This research study, entitled Computerized Billing System and Online Reservation of JISB Emperor Hotel was focused only for the reservation and computerized billing system of the company. It focuses on the main purpose of the proponents and that is to create a computerized billing and online re servation form, provide security in the hotel that will Allow the authorized person to use the software or the whole system by updating the correct log-in name and password. It consists of informative and dynamic features such as icons, text and buttons. Aside from those features on the part of the administrator he/she could change, add delete and new announcement in case if needed. It includes the customer’s information in terms of reservation and billing. The Computerized Billing and Online Reservation of JISB Emperor Hotel would invite the local and foreign customers to help the JISB achieve its mission and vision by providing accurate data and good hotel reservation. Moreover, the study is only limited to the billing and reservation of the customers only. Online cash transactions are not included. 8 1. Definition of Terms To make this study more understandable to whom might come over and see it, the proponents included herein the definition at some terms with will enable them to have clearer understanding of the problems the proponents sought to answer the following are terms defines operationally to process meanings they intent to convey. Accelerating to engage in an academic program that progresses faster than usual Acc uracy the ability to be precise and avoid errors Bills – printed statements of charges for goods supplies or services rendered Billing the total amount of business transacted in a given period, especially in advertising, insurance, or law, or the value of that business Computer electronic device for storing and processing data On-Line pertaining to the operation of a functional unit whom under the direct control of the computer. Controlled by, or communicating with a computer. On-Line System a system in which the input data enters the computer directly from the point of origin or in which output data is transmitted directly to where it used. 9 Reservation A booking with an established time and place for an event or activity. Security something that provides a sense of protection against loss, attack, or harm Software programs and applications that can be run on a computer system, e. g. word processing or database packages Speed the rate at which something moves, happens, or functions System an assembly of computer hardware, software, and peripherals functioning together Transaction a record of business conducted at a meeting or proceedings 10 Chapter II Reviews of Related Literature and Study This chapter briefly discusses the relationship of the previous research and studies in connection to the developed system. It serves as a guide for the feasibility of the developed system. 2. 1. Review of Related Literature 2. 1. 1. Foreign Literature Mr. Richard T. , the Marketing Executive of the Royal Paradise Hotel, has observed that Now, we can easily deal with hundreds of travel agents and corporate clients. In fact, Pelican System has indeed helped us in reviewing productivity, through its sophisticated design. Deciding room rate and allotments has become easier as the result of not having to go through hundreds of paper documents. Not forgetting to mention is the prompt and ready after sales technical support by the team of Pelican Systems staffs. Pelican System has concluded contracts with hundreds of travel agents, in a hassle-free negotiation: instead, what you get is a very fast and low-cost transaction. Mr. Richard T. adds, We welcome all agents worldwide, when they wish to register and gain access to our special rates. With Pelican we are now able to provide an equal allotment opportunity to all 11 agents, regardless of size, and provide them with instant confirmation†. From the article the proponent study use that it has a similarity on the objectives of the research study. Because both have its general purpose which is to enhanced the efficiency of the system from manual to computerize specifically on reservation of JISB Emperor Hotel. According to the Pelican System, Pelican Central Reservation System (CRS) is an Internet-based hotel reservation management system designed to manage all types of hotel bookings, whether made directly by guests or through travel agents and corporate clients. For internet users (direct guests) Pelican will provide instant confirmation of reservations made through the hotel web site, and will notify the hotel’s reservation department though automatically generated e-mail messages. Pelican system provides a secure link to agents and clients, allowing hotels to distribute confidential trade rates to pre-authorized recipients, and to share allotments among many agents and clients on a â€Å"first-come-first-served† basis. Each agent or client accesses the system directly from the hotel’s own web site with a unique login/password combination, allowing the hotel to assign each user to a specific group, and to determine the information and privileges each group will receive. With Pelican system, the hotel has complete control at all times, and can easily monitor activity through instantly generated summaries and full reports. 12 Since the developed system is user-friendly system in which it is easy to use and to practice, in that sense, the developed system mentioned in the article is parallel. The system is user friendly in which the proponents are aiming to develop. The system from the article used internet to achieve their goals while the system of the proponents will uses computerized. Based on the article posted in Pelican system which the researcher searched at http://www. elicansystem. com/news/20041028. html and, The Royal Paradise Hotel, located in Patong Beach, Phuket begins to enjoy the ease of paperless contracts concluded with hundreds of travel agents and corporate clients across the world. The switch to paperless has finally come true, through the magic of the Internet! Pelican System has developed an automated system of online contractin g with agents and corporate clients; online contracting uses an Internet-based database application to accept and instantly confirm reservations made through a hotels own website. In contrast to a standard online reservation system, Pelican online contracting of the agent or corporate client requesting a reservation uses a unique hotel-supplied login /password to confirm their identities, which makes the transaction legally binding. The instantconfirmation and secure transmission capabilities of an online contracting system enable hotel to share room allotments among a large number of agents and clients, accepting reservations on a first-come, first-served basis. According to PEGGY L. PUGH with an article entitled â€Å"SELECTING THE RIGHT 13 BILLING SYSTEM†, which was publish on September 1998 payments are made more efficient with software that includes electronic payment recons elation capabilities allowing the practice, for examples to part 6-50 page explanation to benefit in a matter of minutes versus the hours it could take the manual payments posting and reconciliation. Computerized and billing system gives an automatic calculation of contracted adjustment. It gives an accurate report of the clients daily and monthly balances. It has the capability to print out the actual payment posted on the computer. According to Mary Shaub President of medical consulting based in Philadelphia with an article entitled â€Å"Billing on Shoestring Budget† publish on December 2000. Clinical training in medicine does not emphasize how to collect money but rather how to render service to generate the revenue. The article focuses on the â€Å"How to of billing and collection of money. It will encapsulate the essential components of an effective billing system that if followed can operate on shoestring budget. . 1. 2. Local Literature According in the article MC Mountain Home Apartelle provides guests with a convenient way of booking rooms at the hotel by integrating a reservation system on its website http://www. mcmountaintagaytay. com/. The hotel reservation of MC Mountain Home Apartelle in Tagaytay, Philippines has just gotten easier and faster with their new reservation system on their website. By simply going onl ine, guests can book the room of 14 their choice in a matter of minutes. Through their new service, guests need only click on the Reserve Now button on the Tagaytay hotels website to view room rates, features and availability over a 14-day period. Upon specifying their chosen rooms and duration of stay, guests will get instant confirmation of their reservation via email immediately after paying the required 10% deposit using WorldPay. The secure system makes the process of booking accommodations at the MC Mountain Home Apartelle safer and more convenient for guests. The article mentioned is related to proponents developed system. As mentioned above the easier and faster of the hotel reservation system allows the company to gain customers instantly. And the proponents developed system envisions the same thing, even though it is not totally like from the reservation system using by the MC Mountain Home Apartelle. But the integrity of the developed system is to provide better services such as to fasten the transactions, into which the hotel is engaged, to gained customer is absolutely out there. According to Lualhati S. Morales with an article entitled â€Å"BILLING SYSTEM of Assessor’s Office† department head of assessors, using a computerized billing system for the effective and efficient system is doing tedious and respective manual processing and reporting for faster and efficient data retrieval of real property record as well as the reduce the cost in term of money and man power needed during periodic general recursion. 15 2. 2. Review of Related Studies 2. 2. 1. Foreign Studies According to the study made by Richard Dunn, Director of IT, Good-fellow Cambridge, the processing of such encoded e-mail order is for simpler and fast and they have therefore been able to offer customer a discount for ordering via the web. They believe that at present this put them ahead of their competitors. Using cable web technology has enables them to keep full day-to-day control of their website without the added complexity of having to use a different database product. The study stated above is lightly similar to the developed system of the proponents in the sense that both are integrating such transactions which will benefit the persons involving the transaction. According to Mr. Dunn, using web in their business transactions helps for a fast ordering of customer. The computerized system has proven that the process of billing and reservation in the hotel fasten. They just differ in a way of achieving their goals in which the study above will be using web while the proponents developed system will be using computerized one. Computerization of the company’s transactions brings so many in terms of the transactions that they doing. The main purpose of computerization is which will help the company a lot in anyways, especially for the reservation to the hotel. 16 Easy Webrez Tour provides internet reservation for a clients and members. They include customization to brand a system for the organization, optional module for reservation managers and real-time credit processing module. This system provides a central place to store all reservation center information and allows simultaneous access for company owners, reservation managers and online visitors. Booking. com is a part of Priceline. com is Europe’s leading online hotel reservation agency. Booking. com set a solution to attract unique visitors via the Internet from both leisure and business markets worldwide. Based on the being implemented by Booking. com’s market leading growth, the company currently employs over 1000 professionals to ensure the best possible online services and support. They committed to offering an informative, user-friendly website with competitive rates. They provide business and leisure travelers worldwide with a pleasant, efficient and cost-effective way to book hotel accommodations. They are keeping 100000 room nights every day that provides a cost-effective commission based model, a network of over 4500 distribution partners and a personalized account management service to help optimize the revenue of the hotels. When a situation arise the required the purchase of new information, Booking. com decided to incorporate the web into its reservation system. The performance of Booking. com includes no reservation fee; they do not charge any booking fees, administration fees or cancelation fees. Their reservation system is secure and the credit card and personal information is encrypted. They work to high standards and guarantee privacy. 17 This study is somehow related or similar with the proponents study in terms of giving importance’s of the computerization of such system for a better performance of the company in terms of the transaction that they are doing which resulted into a faster transaction. Computerization of the company’s transaction brings so many benefits to the company in the terms of the transaction that they performance. 2. 2. 2. Local Studies Based on the study entitled â€Å"Computerized Billing and Reservation System with SMS Inquiry for South Red Palm Hotel Corporation† by Helbert H. Nanez, Rechelle M. Asis and Ivy Christine Segui which is an example of Online Reservation which aimed to develop computerized transaction processing system accommodation and reservation of guest to replaced the existing manual system of running a big establishment as the â€Å"South Red Palm Hotel Corporation†. It was design that their system would improve the hotel’s transaction by the terms of speed, efficiency and data integrity. In general, existing system of â€Å"South Red Palm Hotel† relies to the manual means of transaction processing which resulted to problems such as time onsuming, prone to human error and costly. According to Mr. Chester Atienza and Ms. Jennifer Rances, Enverga University, March 1999, â€Å" A Proosed Computerized Aided-Billing and Monitoring System of the Halina Hotel â€Å". The study aimed to be aware and apprehensive of the step-by-step procedure being applied in the present system as well as to specify the problems normally enco untered by the people who are involved in the present system. The authors conclude that the problems 18 enabled the management to have fast and efficient way of transaction unlike in their current transaction, which is manual. According to Wishiel S. Chua, Aldwin N. Ilumin and Marlyn M. Nierva of Enverga University, March 2001, â€Å"A Proposed Graphical User-Interface Based Medical Record billing System for Tayabas Community Hospital†. The study endeavor to develop a system that would immediately furnish them with a reliable, accurate information and faster approach in processing customer requirements that would lessen their problems in dealing with the patient through the help of this proposed system to help them to be up to date to the changes brought about by the new world of technologies. Terrence C. Baluyut, Prince V. Hizo, Jose Narciso C. Lapuz, Ariel B. Quinto and Henry M. Joriano, AMA Computer College, Makati, 1999 â€Å"A Development of an Online Inquiry and Reservation System for All SM Cinema†. It has been found out that current inquiry of the company inhibits its potential to expand its customer based because it’s offers limited services and does not promote in theaters full because of its boundaries. The proponent of the study concludes that the company should consider all the possible means of obtaining connections with their customers. This system will provide additional services to the customers and it offers information regarding theaters. The study stated above is similar to the proponents study because of several problems 19 in accommodations and reservation in the hotel. Their transaction as based a manual work hotel personnel and monitoring of accommodations for outgoing and ingoing guests was misleading. Furthermore, personnel cannot provide and use reservation information past enough or the client’s satisfaction. These are also the problems encountered by JISB Emperor Hotel. 2. 3 Justification of the Present Study The related literature and studies gathered by the proponents are relatively related to the proponents project because it has common things that they wanted to happen to their project to support online reservation and billing system of JISB Emperor Hotel so they got idea from it. Several foreign sites on the net were also visited by the proponents to search for essential studies about the computerized system in a business is really a great help. Like the proponents project that have wanted to have the JISB Emperor Hotel Computerized Billing System and Online Reservation because it will help them to save data in a more organized way that would save their money buying cabinets for their files and to have to have an accurate computations that may lead them to bankruptcy when not properly done. It will also provide fast and great service for their customers, too. Like the other studies, the proponents also aim to develop a computerized billing system and online reservation. Like one of the thesis and researchers will include updating of customers records and payments at the same time will do the computerized billing and online reservation to become more accurate in giving the data and calculating the payment 20 Chapter III Research Methodology The proponents gathered information that will be used for the implementation and development of the developed system. Acquiring ideas and information are important in designing and developing. 3. 1. Research Design: The proponents used a descriptive research method. It describes what the study is all about, its current condition, practices and processes. This method shows how to gather information. The proponents used this method because it gives a clear view on what are needed to fulfill, its significance in relation to the study Descriptive research method, creative research, and library method is used by the proponents in gathering information. By using these methods, proponents determined the functionality and the problem being encountered using the existing system of the company. The proponents provided set of questionnaires and distributed to the 25 respondents consisting of company staffs and customers. The retrieved questionnaires with answers were analyzed. All the data and information that has been collected will be interpreted in the form of graph and tables. 21 3. 2. Research Locale The proponents conducted the study in the town of Lucena where the JISB Emperor Hotel situated. The company is located along Merchan Street corner Evangelista Street Lucena City. 3. 3. Data Gathering The proponents used interviews, observation, questionnaires, and internet, library methods tools in gathering information. These tools were relevant to formulate the study for the proposed system. Interview: The proponents conducted several interviews to the officers of the JISB Emperor Hotel. This data gathering method is the most common tool to gather information and used by most the researchers, which for proponents is the easiest way or method in collecting information. Observation: The proponents made an observation in the JISB Emperor Hotel to gather the information’s needed and to be able know the problem that they are encountering. The proponents conducted further observation that gave solutions to the problem of JISB Emperor Hotel. 22 Internet: The proponents used the internet as a source of information that may help and give some related issue or information in the study of several sites visited by the proponents. The proponents selected the site that would give an exact information or knowledge with the same system. Library Method: This kind of method used by the proponents is a method used by the proponents is a method I which the proponents that will support the proponents study. Questionnaires: Set of well designed questionnaires was prepared by the proponents in gathering information which was answered by different respondents. 3. 4. Data Processing The proponents gathered and analyzed the required information. In gathering information, the proponents used a descriptive research method. One of the categories of a descriptive method is the questionnaires to be answered by the hotel management and staff, and customer to be able to predict the adaptability and affectivity of the developed system. The proponents provided sets of questionnaires answered by the respondents 23 composing of hotel staffs and customers. The surveys made by the proponents have the purpose to determine the affectivity and the adaptability of the developed system and to be able to know the respondents opinion for upgrading the current system of the JISB Emperor Hotel. The proponents had 25 respondents, out of those 25, 10 are hotel staffs and the remaining 15 are customers or the possible to become a customer. The proponents get the average number of respondents who answered for each questions. To be able to get the average number of respondents, the proponents sum the total number of answers for each question to determine the mean. The collected data carefully analyzed, computed interpreted which were shown in graphs and table in which the proponents get the number and percentage of the respondents who answered from the questionnaires.

Biography of Josiah Wedgwood

Biography of Josiah Wedgwood Josiah Wedgwood (ca July 12, 1730–January 3, 1795) was Englands foremost pottery manufacturer and a mass producer of quality ceramics exported around the globe. A member of his familys fourth generation of potters, Wedgwood started his own independent firm and became the Royal Potter for Queen Charlotte, the consort of King George III. Wedgwoods mastery of ceramic technology was matched by the marketing savvy and connections of his partner Thomas Bentley; together they ran the most famous pottery works in the world.   Fast Facts: Josiah Wedgwood Known For: Creator of the famous Wedgwood potteryBorn: July 12, 1730 (baptized), Churchyard, StaffordshireDied: January 3, 1795, Etruria Hall, StaffordshireEducation: Day School at Newcastle-under-Lyme, left at 9 years of ageCeramic Works: Jasper ware, Queens Ware, Wedgwood blueParents:  Thomas Wedgwood and Mary StringerSpouse: Sarah Wedgwood (1734–1815)Children: Susannah (1765–1817), John (1766–1844), Richard (1767–1768), Josiah (1769–1843), Thomas (1771–1805), Catherine (1774–1823), Sarah (1776–1856), and Mary Anne (1778–1786).   Early Life Josiah Wedgwood was baptized on July 12, 1730, the youngest of at least eleven children of Mary Stringer (1700–1766) and Thomas Wedgwood (1685–1739). The founding potter in the family was also called Thomas Wedgwood (1617–1679), who established a successful pottery works around 1657 at Churchyard, Staffordshire, where his great-great-grandchild Josiah was born.   Josiah Wedgwood had little formal education. He was nine years old when his father died, and he was taken from school and sent to work in the pottery for his eldest brother, (another) Thomas Wedgwood (1717–1773). At 11, Josiah had smallpox, which confined him to bed for two years and ended with permanent damage to his right knee. At the age of 14, he was formally apprenticed to his brother Thomas, but because he could not physically work the wheel, at 16 he had to quit.   Wedgwood teacup and saucer in the Waterford Wedgwood flagship store in London, England. The teacup features the white and blue jasper ware ceramic which is synonymous with the brand. Oli Scarff / Getty Images News Early Career At the age of 19, Josiah Wedgwood proposed that he be taken into his brothers business as a partner, but he was rejected. After a two-year position with the pottery firm of Harrison and Alders, in 1753, Wedgwood was offered a partnership with the Staffordshire firm of potter Thomas Whieldon; his contract stipulated that he would be able to experiment. Wedgwood stayed at the Whieldon pottery from 1754–1759, and he began experimenting with pastes and glazes. A primary focus was on improving creamware, the first commercial English ceramic invented in 1720 and widely used by the potters of the time.   Creamware was very flexible and could be decorated and over-glazed, but the surface was likely to craze or flake when subjected to temperature changes. It chipped readily, and the lead glazes broke down in combination with food acids, making them a source of food poisoning. Further, the application of the lead glaze was hazardous to the health of the workers in the factory. Wedgwoods version, eventually called queens ware, was slightly yellower, but had a finer texture, greater plasticity, less lead content- and it was lighter and stronger and less prone to break during shipments.   Thomas Bentley Partnership In 1759, Josiah leased Ivy House pottery in Burslem, Staffordshire, from one of his uncles, a factory which he would build and expand several times. In 1762, he built his second works, the Brick-House, alias the Bell Works at Burslem. That same year, he was introduced to Thomas Bentley, which would prove to be a fruitful partnership.   Wedgwood was innovative and had a strong technical understanding of ceramics: but he lacked formal education and social contacts. Bentley had a classical education, and he was socially connected to artists, scientists, merchants, and intellectuals in London and around the world. Best yet, Bentley had been a wholesale merchant in Liverpool for 23 years and had a broad understanding of the current and changing ceramic fashions of the day.  Ã‚   Josiah Wedgwoods Ivy and Etruria works in Staffordshire, England, ca. 1753. Oxford Science Archive / Print Collector / Getty Images Marriage and Family   On January 25, 1764, Wedgwood married his third cousin, Sarah Wedgwood (1734–1815) and they eventually had eight children, six of whom survived to adulthood:  Susannah (1765–1817), John (1766–1844), Richard (1767–1768), Josiah (1769–1843), Thomas (1771–1805), Catherine (1774–1823), Sarah (1776–1856), and Mary Anne (1778–1786).   Two sons, Josiah Jr. and Tom, were sent to school in Edinburgh and then privately tutored, although neither joined the business until Josiah was ready to retire in 1790. Susannah married Robert Darwin, and was the mother of the scientist Charles Darwin; Charles grandfather was scientist Erasmus Darwin, a friend of Josiahs. Ceramic Innovations Together, Wedgwood and Bentley created a huge variety of ceramic objects- Bentley keeping an eye to the demand, and Wedgwood responding with innovation. In addition to hundreds of types of tableware, their Staffordshire Etruria manufacturing facility produced specialty wares for grocers and butchers (weights and measures), dairies (milking pails, strainers, curd pots), sanitary purposes (tiles for indoor bathrooms and sewers all over England), and the home (lamps, baby feeders, food warmers).   Wedgwoods most popular wares were called jasper, an unglazed matte biscuit ware available in solid paste colors: green, lavender, sage, lilac, yellow, black, a pure white, and Wedgwood blue. Bas-relief sculptures were then added to the surface of the solid paste color, creating a cameo-like appearance.  He also developed black basalt, a stoneware in striking deep back colors. The Portland Vase (black and white jasper ware) that Wedgwood considered his finest work inside the Wedgwood Museum, in Stoke-on-Trent. Christopher Furlong / Getty Images The Art Market To answer what Bentley saw as a new demand in London for Etruscan and Greco-Roman art, Wedgwood made cameos, intaglios, plaques, beads, buttons, figurines, candlesticks, ewers, jugs, flower holders, vases, and medallions for furniture all decorated with classic art figures and themes. The canny Bentley recognized that original Greek and Roman nudes were too warm for English and American tastes, and the firm dressed their Greek goddesses in full-length gowns and their heroes in fig leaves.   Penelope and Maidens, Wedgwood plaque, 18th century. Illustration from Story of the British Nation, Volume III, by Walter Hutchinson, (London, c1920s). Hulton Archive / Getty Images The demand for cameo portraits skyrocketed and Wedgwood met it by hiring known artists to make models in wax for use on the production floor. Among them were Italian anatomist Anna Morandi Manzolini, Italian artist Vincenzo Pacetti, Scottish gem engraver James Tassie, British designer Lady Elizabeth Templeton, French sculptor Lewis Francis Roubiliac, and English painter George Stubbs.   Wedgwoods two main modelers were British: John Flaxman and William Hackwood. He sent Flaxman to Italy to set up a wax modeling studio between 1787–1794, and Wedgwood also set up a studio in Chelsea where artists in London could work.   George III and Queen Charlotte, modeled by William Hackwood after waxes by Isaac Gosset, 1776-1780, jasper, ormolu frames by Matthew Boulton. Public Domain (on display at Wedgwood Museum, Barlaston, Stoke-on-Trent, England) Queens Ware   Arguably, Wedgwood and Bentleys most successful coup was when they sent a gift set of hundreds of his cream-colored tableware to British King George IIIs consort, Queen Charlotte. She named Wedgwood Potter to Her Majesty in 1765; he renamed his cream-colored ware Queens ware.   Five years later, Wedgwood obtained a commission for a several-hundred piece tableware service from the Russian empress Catherine the Great, called the Husk service. It was followed up by the Frog service, a commission for Catherines  La Grenouilliere (frog marsh, Kekerekeksinsky in Russian) palace consisting of 952 pieces decorated with over 1,000 original paintings of the English countryside.   The Life of a Scientist   Wedgwoods classification as a scientist has been debated over the intervening centuries. Largely through his connection to Bentley, Wedgwood did become a member of the famous Lunar Society of Birmingham, which included James Watt, Joseph Priestly, and Erasmus Darwin, and he was elected into the Royal Society in 1783. He contributed papers to the Royal Societys Philosophical Transactions, three on his invention, the pyrometer, and two on ceramic chemistry.   The pyrometer was a tool made first of brass and then high-fired ceramic that allowed Wedgwood to determine the internal heat of a kiln. Wedgwood recognized that the application of heat shrinks clay, and the pyrometer was his attempt to measure that. Unfortunately, he never was able to calibrate the measurements to any scientific scale available at the time, and the subsequent centuries have found that Wedgwood was somewhat incorrect. It is a combination of heat and the length of kiln time that shrinks pottery in a measurable fashion. The showrooms of Wedgwood Byerley in St Jamess Square, London, 1809. Hulton Archive / Getty Images Retirement and Death   Wedgwood was often ill for much of his life; he had smallpox, his right leg was amputated in 1768, and he had trouble with his sight beginning in 1770. After his partner Thomas Bentley died in 1780, Wedgwood turned the management of the shop in London over to a nephew, Thomas Byerly. Nevertheless, he was a vigorous and active director of the Etruria and other manufactories up until his retirement in 1790. He left his company to his sons and retired to his mansion Etruria Hall. In late 1794, he fell ill- possibly with cancer- and died on January 3, 1795, at the age of 64.   Legacy   When Wedgwood began his work, Staffordshire was the home of several important ceramic manufacturers such as Josiah Spode and Thomas Minton. Wedgwood and Bentley made their company the most important of the Staffordshire potteries and arguably the best-known pottery in the western world. Etruria would run as a facility until the 1930s. Wedgwoods company remained independent until 1987, when it merged with Waterford Crystal, then with Royal Doulton. In July 2015, it was acquired by a Finnish consumer goods company. Selected Sources Born, Byron A. Josiah Wedgwoods Queensware. The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 22.9 (1964): 289–99. Print.Burton, William. Josiah Wedgwood and His Pottery. London: Cassell and Company, 1922.McKendrick, Neil. Josiah Wedgwood and Factory Discipline. The Historical Journal 4.1 (1961): 30–55. Print.-. Josiah Wedgwood and Thomas Bentley: An Inventor-Entrepreneur Partnership in the Industrial Revolution. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 14 (1964): 1–33. Print.Meteyard, Eliza. The Life of Josiah Wedgwood: From His Private Correspondence and Family Papers with an Introductory Sketch of the Art of Pottery in England, two volumes. Hurst and Blackett, 1866.Schofield, Robert E. Josiah Wedgwood, Industrial Chemist. Chymia 5 (1959): 180–92. Print.Townsend, Horace. Lady Templetown and Josiah Wedgwood. Art Life 11.4 (1919): 186–92. Print.Wedgwood, Julia. The Personal Life of Josiah Wedgwood, the Potter. London: Macmillan and Company, 1915. Print.

Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut Essays

Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut Essays Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut Paper Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut Paper Love, Death, and War in J. D Salinger’s â€Å"Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut† J. D Salinger was best known for his portrayal of isolationism and the loss of innocence in his literary works. Like many Modern artists of the 1950’s, such as his good friend Ernest Hemmingway, Salinger was highly interested in reflection of the individual as well as the disconnectedness between adults and children (Calloway 3). In his short story, â€Å"Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut†, Salinger uses the themes of love, death, and the war to reflect the emotional detachment between Eloise and her own life, as well as her relationships with her husband and daughter. Eloise and her college roommate, Mary Jane are introduced to the reader at the same time, the beginning of the story. Both women have left college before finishing for reasons related to men. The setting for much of the plot resides within the living room of Eloise’s house. The language Salinger gives Eloise mirrors her critical and somewhat cold attitude. As the two women position themselves comfortable on the couch, they begin to discuss past classmates and relationships. We are first introduced to Eloise’s relationship with her mother-in-law. Though the information regarding this relationship is brief, we are able to gather that they do not get along. I dont have one damn thing holy to wear. If Lews mother ever diesha, hashell probably leave me some old monogrammed icepick or something. The manner in which she speaks about this reflects her carefree attitude. After Mary Jane attempts to inquire about the relationship between Eloise and her mother-in-law, the young woman quickly changes the subject. As their conversation continues, involving other classmates and their husbands, they are interrupted by the introduction of Ramona, Eloise’s young daughter. Salinger wastes no time in feeding the reader the relationship, or lack thereof, that Eloise has with her daughter. Upon Ramona’s entrance into the house, she commands her to go into the kitchen so that Grace, the servant can help her take off her goulashes. â€Å"Ramona, Eloise shouted, with her eyes shut, go out in the kitchen and let Grace take your galoshes off (Salinger). It seems as though Mary Jane is more excited to see the young girl then her own mother is. Eloise does not ask to see the girl, nor speak to her, and the reader is unaware of where the girl might be coming from and how long she was out. This clues us into Eloise’s detachment from Ramona. Upon sending Ramona to be tended to by Grace, she shifts the focus back to the alcoholic beverage, which serves as a plot device and focal point throughout much of the story(Witalec). Mary Jane begins, after insisting that she does not need another drink, to inquire about Lew, Eloise’s husband. Eloise gives critical replies about how their child looks nothing like her, and how Ramona, Lew, and her mother-in-law could pass for triplets. The fact that she is separating herself from her family, in such an outright and obvious manner, exemplifies the disconnectedness that Salinger uses in much of his work. Surprisingly, when Mary Jane asks for a kiss, Ramona quickly replies â€Å"I don’t like to give kisses† (Salinger). This could be seen as a result of the lack of affection that the young girl is missing, the same way Eloise seems to lack affection. Also, the fact that she has conceived an imaginary friend, Jimmy, who is lacking both a mother and a father, could be comparable to the lack of emotional involvement she might experience from both parents(Smith 639). However, the young girl exhibits a type of love for her imaginary friend, and Eloise seems to be critical of the confidence that her daughter places in Jimmy â€Å"You just think so. I get it all day long. Jimmy eats with her. Takes a bath with her. Sleeps with her. She sleeps way over to one side of the bed, sos not to roll over and hurt him (Salinger). Eloise lacks this type of confidence and love in a partner within her life, which may be the result of her criticalness of her daughter and Jimmy. Again, Eloise slides the attention back to alcohol, insisting she refill Mary Jane’s glass and that she stay longer. As the story progresses, we are finally introduced to Eloise’s past love history. She abandons her critical nature and attitude when describing the man of her past, who made her laugh. â€Å"He could do it when he talked to me. He could do it over the phone. He could even do it in a letter. And the best thing about it was that he didnt even try to be funnyhe just was funny (Salinger). The language she uses gives the reader the image of her lying on her couch as she reminisces about her past experiences with him. Salinger invites us into her emotional memory bank, and constructs the dialogue within this very scene in such a way that places Eloise mentally by herself remembering things that once made her happy, and making everything at that moment obsolete, in the same way a lover might recall their past love experiences (Smith 648). It is at this very point within the plot that we become aware of not only her relationship with this other past man, but also where the name â€Å"Uncle Wiggily† was derived from. This name is of significance to her. However, her train of thought is interrupted by Mary Jane reminding Eloise of the current martial situation she’s in now, â€Å"‘Doesn’t Lew have a sense of humor’ Mary Jane said† (Salinger). Her response to the questions of her husband does not run as deep as the memories she has with the other man. Quickly, she answers the question, again in her critical and sarcastic tone, almost as if disregarding she even has a husband. Again, she recalls moments her and her past love have shared together. Eloise reflected a moment, and then said, It wasnt always what he said, but how he said it. You know(Salinger). The fact that Salinger lets us in on these reflections from Eloise is again, emphasizing the connection she has with Walt and the memories, rather than obtaining the connections she should have with her husband. She mentions Lew as if he is insignificant. This relationship lacks everything that she had with her past love. Her reasoning behind not telling her husband about him comes off more as an excuse so that he may never know her true feelings and the apparent loneliness she exhibits (Kennedy). She also refuses to answer seriously to the question of why she chose to marry Lew. The theme of war is then introduced, as Mary Jane presses Eloise to explain how Walt, her love, had been killed. Tension in the plot thickens because we are seeing the break down of Eloise’s character. War and lost love become pivotal elements in Eloise’s apparent unhappiness. She begins to cry while explaining what had happen to him while he was away at War. Oddly enough, he was not killed while in action, instead in an incident involving a stove. As she told this story, she clutched the glass that was resting on her chest. Salinger swiftly incorporates the meaning of alcohol in her life once again, as her sort of comfort for the hurt she lives with. â€Å"She put her hand around the empty glass on her chest to steady it† (Salinger). As the story begins to conclude, the theme of lost or dead love is heightened when Ramona explains that Jimmy was killed. Eloise, instead of showing sympathy towards Ramona, asks what happened and quickly commands the girl to be sent to her room. Secondly, Grace asks for her own husband to stay the night, being that the weather was frigid; Eloise denies her request, therefore separating the husband and wife for the night. While this love is not dead, Eloise is causing a physical disconnect between the two. She then goes into Ramona’s room where she sees the young girl laying on the bed, all the way at the edge, so that her new imaginary friend has room to sleep. She attempts to separate the two by insisting that Ramona sleep the right way and physically grabs her ankles to position her to how she wants her to lay. It is in this very scene, after Eloise shuts off her daughter’s bedroom light, that the themes of love, death, and war completely break down the character of Eloise (Witalec). â€Å"She picked up Ramonas glasses and, holding them in both hands, pressed them against her cheek. Tears rolled down her face, wetting the lenses. ‘Poor Uncle Wiggily,’ she said over and over again† (Salinger). Salinger brings the story to a closing by having Eloise kiss her daughter, and walk out of the room. This is the first sign of affection from mother to daughter that we see. At the very end she seemed to confide in Mary Jane, asking her about a dress she had once worn. This has symbolism in itself, being that Eloise did not attempt to confide in her husband, we are unaware if he is even home or not by now. In a way, Mary Jane, who had been friends with Eloise for so long and knew her throughout her relationship with Walt, could serve as a type of connection left to the woman’s past memories, and that is why she returns to her at the end of the night (Kennedy). Salinger clearly demonstrates the isolation Eloise displays within her relationship with her own husband and child. He gave Ramona two different confidants within the short period the story takes place, while Eloise cannot find the connection between herself and her own spouse (Witalec). The themes of love, death, and war all seem to consume Eloise, effecting how she reacts to the people who are supposed to be closest to her. Much of the feelings she felt were common among the society of post-war times, and Salinger successful illustrates this to the reader. Work Cited Calloway, Catherine. 15 Fiction: The 1930s to the 1960s. American Literary Scholarship (2002): 1-26. Project Muse. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. Kennedy, J. Gerald. Modern American Short Story Sequences: Composite Fictions and Fictive Communities. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995 Salinger, J. D. Uncle Wiggily in Conneticut. Nine Stories/ J. D. Salinger. New York : Bantam, 1989. Smith, Dominic. Salingers Nine Stories: Fifty Years L ater. The Antioch Review (2003): 639-649. JSTOR. Web. 16 Nov. 2010 Witalec, Janet. Jerome David Salinger. 65 (2004): 290-339. Literature Criticism Online. Web. 16 Nov. 2010

Why artist exaggerate certain body parts and ignore others Essay

Why artist exaggerate certain body parts and ignore others - Essay Example The artists therefore study and understand the expectations of the audience and present themselves accordingly (Peirce, & Adrienne, 2005). Body parts that appeal to the audience are exaggerated to create an impression that the artist is the best fit for the particular context (Allan & Pease, 2006). For instance, female music artists exaggerate their hips and breasts and reduce their waist since the resultant image is perceived as sexy and appealing. On the other hand, male artists exaggerate their biceps and chests to depict strength and power. More notably, artists may exaggerate certain body parts in order to mimic previous renowned artists who were famous and favorite to the target audience. This way, they are able to create an impression that they are equally appealing and successful. However, artists may also exaggerate certain parts of their bodies in order to camouflage their weaknesses to avoid negative public perception. Whatever the reason for articulating body image, the ultimate result is to create a positive impression on the target

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example However, eating disorders are caused by many factors, both social and cultural factors. With the increases of eating disorders among students the awareness campaign has been extended to schools. This paper will look at the possible causes of eating disorders. It will also look at the treatments of these disorders. Stewart, G. (2000). Teens with eating disorders. San Diego: Lucent books. Eating disorders among teenagers are mainly caused by psychological issues. Teenagers are easily disappointed or depressed with occurrences in their lives. In most cases they tend to eat a lot to drown their sorrows (Stewart, 2000). This scenario is rampant to male students. At young age depression could be cause a lot of harm in teenagers. With eating a lot many affected individuals feel more occupied thus they have less time to think about their problems. At first it is not of concern since the feeding is under the control of the student’s mind (Stewart, 2000). However, with time the student loses control and it slowly turns into an eating disorder. Swain, P. (2006). New developments in eating disorder research. New York: Nova publishers. Swain (2006) says that there is not a single cause for eating disorder. She suggests that most cases of eating disorder are caused by concern over weight and body shape. In female students, the issue of weight brings a lot of concern to them. Some of them may turn to dieting as a way of watching their weight. In many scenarios these individuals acquire the eating disorder whereby they cannot feed. They get a king of psychological disgust every time they think of feeding (Swain, 2006). The author relates the same occurrences regarding the issue of acquiring a certain body shape. Herrin, M. & Matsumoto, N. (2006). The parent’s guide to eating disorders. California: Gurze books. The two authors bring up the factor of genetic background. For example, if one identical twin has anorexia the probability of the other twin to have the di sorder is at about 80% (Herrin & Matsumoto, 2006). This is because they have in them the genes of the eating disorder. In other scenarios some individuals inherit the eating disorders. LeGrange, D. & Lock, J. (2011). Eating disorders in children and adolescents: A clinical handbook. London: Guilford Press. Another genetic factor is the hormonal influence. Some brain chemicals create a possibility of having an eating disorder. According to LeGrange & Lock (2011) individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa have high levels of vasopressin and cortistol hormones. The hormones are released after any occurrence of emotional or physical stress. The hormones are found to cause eating disorders in a number of people. Goodman, L. & Villapiano, M. (2001).eating disorders: A journey to recovery Handbook. New York: Psychology Press. Sociological factors also have a great role to play in the cause of eating disorders. We live in a society which perceive being fat as a disability. In every street corner, on radio, on television and on the internet there is always that negative perception of being fat. To adolescent this causes a lot of worry to them. In order to be fit in these societies they tend do anything possible not to become fat (Goodman & Villapiano, 2001). It is at this point that eating disorders like bulimia occur. According to the authors peer pressure also plays its negative role to cause these disorders. Teenager especially students tend to try and fit in the social

Maintenance of Minority Languages in Majority Settings Essay Example for Free

Maintenance of Minority Languages in Majority Settings Essay Rather than showing the picture of how the people with different languages are related to each other, it is more essential to break down the orders of natural languages existing in any given area and only by this way that we can identify which language is considerable as good and appropriate to ensure somehow that they will continue to be used.   Language serves as marker of group of people and most disputes involved in language minorities deals with the way the languages are reproduced in consideration with the affiliation in geographical boundaries. Maintaining language minorities which are all too often ill-equipped for modern life, strengthens the position of the dominant language as the only common language of communication. Francophone comprises larger fraction of Canada’s speakers prior to the twentieth century and it went less due to imbalance in the flow of population such as birth rate among French speakers and as immigration of English speaking people. Quebec apparently endures English and they have maintained the high concentration of French speakers. Francophone  Canada  remained a vital community sustained by the hard efforts of people from within the community who ensure that the French speaking minority population will continue to thrive (Posner and Green 345-358). The same case had happened in some other part of the world where the people had different origin that changed their cultural sphere, such as in India which, aside from Hindi, also has some regional dialects. Having language minority remained as a matter of political questions especially as it was applied in instructional materials which requires rationalized language policy. Multilingual education came out as another option and a good consideration for better accessibility of education transcending the boundary of language (Groff 8-12). Endangerment or even extinction can be the worst case scenario when language wasn’t maintained. When we talk about endangered language, we refer to the gradual decrease of monolingual speakers using the language. One example of this implication was stated in the works of David and Maya Bradley (316-321) which tackles the revival of native languages of Aboriginal group in Australia. Designs for the attempt of reviving languages can only be possible with enough resources like documentations or retrieving information from similar languages. The efforts for this also require valid aim or intentions in having it done apparently to make it worthwhile than just having it done for the luxury of education. Losing the function of a language relates to the reasons for its decrease of usage or may extent to total non-usage. A language has the power as long as it has the function fulfilled as it was used contemporary industries. The report by Michelle Goldberg and David Corson (1-3) shows that bilingual Immigrants, with an official language learned, are not perceived to bear any advantage for they are not recognized in their chosen field even though, in some situations, proficiency in the language is a crucial skill required in the job. Valuing this skill thru formal recognition is greatly beneficial for the company itself since it contributes in returns in the market specially when dealing with bilingual clients. Linguistic minorities whether in Canada, or in Europe or in Asia don’t just preserve the natural communication means of their group but can also provide reflection of their culture which separates them to the rest. They were therefore protected and promoted by laws in the belief on its significant importance of preserving the identity of these groups (Jimenez Nakagawa 6). Compared to the situation in Australia, the minorities in Canada, Francophone, has different form since they are comparable to the majority group, Anglophone, when we talk about their origin. None of these two naturally emerged in the land since both were influences or contributions from European. French colonized Quebec after its discovery and for centuries, French has already been an official language (Mc Creery 6). Vitality of relationship between the language and culture in a community determines proliferation of a language therefore, and maintenance and preservation requires analysis of people in group by their demographic prominence, social status, and economic power. These variables can determine the vitality of a language relative to the culture developed in parallel to the language. In order to study the essential factors affecting the growth of the language and design a maintenance procedure, it needs a clear definition of the culture in which it is in. Anything that is associated with vernacular culture manifests linguistic features. Daily activities of people and collective behavior can show its relations to linguistic attributes then we can determine what perceptions and concepts influence the language (Grenoble and Whaley 261-264). Another implication that needs to be aided by language maintenance is the tendency that the difference in language would extend to the separation of people and a state. In Canada, tension rose between English speakers and French speakers, mainly Quebec, carrying the biggest fraction of French-Canada. For decades, a Marxist group called Front de Liberation de Quebec (FLQ) tried to gain sovereignty and fought for the independence. The government applied quick aid to pacify the nationalist actions by making French speakers feel more welcome as they created official policies for the benefit of bilinguals (Ruypers 149). From the viewpoint of anyone who wants to grow towards the wider immediate community such as in the case of minority relative to the majority surrounding them, it tends to make the minority encouraged to gain the actual condition of the majority. When we talk about the will to sustain linguistic identity, it needs to be acknowledged that it is important to develop individuals and the community without compromising the culture and language. Keeping the diversity of language varieties needs not to be broken instead should be respected in the way that none will be damaged (Bastardas-Boada 3-5). Any action in a community, whether it is verbal or physical, contributed to the culture that defines the distinction of human group. The ability to share with the rest this developed culture makes the group dynamic in the wider scope. These are the notions to be considered as a challenge for anyone attempting to participate in different social dimension. This idea can be applied to the relationship of minority and majority languages which are connected by communications since every language users are considered as part of the community of ideas and practices (Duranti 46). After all, the maintenance of a language, however few the users are, would be simplified as long as there is enough reason for it to stay. It will not matter whether the majority of people around use different language or doing different thing from what you do for if language really serves as a mean for communication, differences will then not make this a problem but a source for it to become richer and maintained. References Duranti, A. â€Å"Linguistic Anthropology†. UK:   Cambridge UP (1997): 46 Posner, R. and Greene, J.N. â€Å"Trends in Linguistics†. Walter de Gruyter and Co. (1993): 345-358 Groff, C. â€Å"Status and Acquisition Planning and Linguistics Minorities in India†.   (2003):8-12 Bradley, David and Maya. â€Å"Language Endangerment and Language Maintenance† TJ    International (2002): 316-321 Corson, D. and Goldberg, M. â€Å"Minority Languages learned Informally- The Social Construction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of Language Skills through the Discourse of Ontario Employers† ON: University of   Ã‚  Ã‚   Toronto (2001): 1-3 Jimenez, V. and Nakagawa, M. â€Å"Linguistic Minorities† Public International Law and Policy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Group (2005): 6 Mc Creery, C. â€Å"the Order of Canada† Toronto: University of Toronto Press Incorporated(2005):   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   6 Grenoble, L.A. and Whaley, L.J. â€Å"Endangered Languages† UK: Cambridge UP (1998): 261-264 Ruypers, J. et. al.†Canadian and World Politics†. Canada: Emond Montgomery (2005): 149 Bastardas-Boada Albert. â€Å"Linguistic Sustainability and Language Ecology†. Catalonia, Spain:    Centre Universitari de Sociolinguistica I Comunicacio (2005): 3-5

September 11th: The Day Innocence Died :: September 11 Terrorism Essays

September 11th, 8:45 a.m.: A large plane, possibly a hijacked airliner, crashes into one of the World Trade Center towers, tearing a gaping hole in the building and setting it afire. 9:03 a.m.: A second plane, apparently a passenger jet, crashes into the second World Trade Center tower and explodes. Both buildings are burning. 9:30 a.m.: Bush, speaking in Florida, says the country has suffered an "apparent terrorist attack." 9:43 a.m.: An aircraft crashes into the Pentagon, sending up a huge plume of smoke. Evacuation begins immediately. 9:45 a.m.: The White House evacuates. 10:05 a.m.: The south tower of the World Trade Center collapses, plummeting into the streets below. A massive cloud of dust and debris forms and slowly drifts away from the building. 10:10 a.m.: A portion of the Pentagon collapses. 1:27 p.m.: A state of emergency is declared by the city of Washington. 1:30 p.m. The country wants answers. First shock, then terror, followed by sorrow, and lastly rage. How could such an act be committed on American soil? This country asks this question in disbelief. The US demands answers and revenge for this act of evil. Who is to blame for the possible tens of thousands of deaths? The only way to answer this question is to look at the people that could do such an act and what possible reasons they would have for doing it. This county as a hole looks over seas for answers, they look to a county called Afghanistan that harbors a terrorist called Osama bin Laden. "Bin Laden, an Islamic fundamentalist and the son of a Saudi billionaire, has been on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitive list since 1999, and the U.S. State Department has offered a $5 million reward for his arrest." Quoted from www.cnn.com. Most U.S. prosecutors say bin Laden is the leader of a group called al Qaeda (Arabic for "the Base"), this is a network blamed for successful and failed terrorist strikes on the U.S. Some are the millennium-bombing plot, last year's attack on the USS Cole, in Yemen killing 17 U.S. sailors and wounding 39, and the nearly simultaneous bombings of the U.S. embassies in Tanzania and Kenya. Bin Laden, a Muslim believes that he is fighting a holy war in the name of his religion. Muslims are Followers of the Islam religion. They believe that Allah is the One True God.

Great Gatsby Essay

In the beginning of Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Nick doesn’t care too much for Gatsby, but later Nick begins to like Gatsby, and by the end, Nick and Gatsby become best friends. It is sort of weird how their relationship develops, and the reason it develops. Nick and Gatsby seem to be two totally different people, but I guess opposites attract. In the beginning of Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Nick doesn’t care too much for Gatsby. Nick thinks that Gatsby is kind of odd, and mysterious. For example, on page 20, Nick says â€Å"he gave a sudden intimation that he was content to be alone†. That is kind of weird because if he wanted to be alone, why does he throw huge parties. Also Gatsby was just standing there with his arm extended looking at a light, if that isn’t weird than what is. This one encounter does not drive Nick away from getting to know Gatsby. Later in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Nick begins to like Gatsby. Later on when Nick meets Gatsby at a party he describes his smile. The way Nick described it was not normal he said â€Å"It was one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it, that you may come across four or five times in life. †(48) You don’t describe a smile that way unless you like that person, he could have just said he had a nice smile. After that Gatsby and Nick talked a lot more and hung out a lot more after that party, I guess you could say this was the beginning of a beautiful friendship. By the end of Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Nick and Gatsby became best friends. Towards the end Nick and Gatsby were always together. They went to lunch together, rode in Gatsby’s hydroplane together, and went to the city together. Nick liked Gatsby so much he said â€Å"They’re a rotten crowd,† I shouted across the lawn. â€Å"You’re worth the whole damn bunch put together. †(154) Nick also tells Gatsby’s father that â€Å"We were close friends. † (168) after Gatsby had died. At Gatsby’s funeral no one was their but Nick this showed that Gatsby had no other friends except for Nick. Even though Nick doesn’t seem to like Gatsby at the beginning the two of them end up as best friends. Even after Gatsby lies to Nick and then confesses the truth Nick was still friends with Gatsby.